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Inspecting the Linux configuration of my Arduino YUN

Let us get familiar with my brand new Arduino Yun, focusing on the Linux side of it.

Read Guide to the Arduino Yún

Configure networking on my Arduino Yun

Plug the Ethernet cable to to home router.

Power on Yun by connecing a +5Vdc power source to the MicroUSB port - you may just use a USB-to-MicroUSB cable then hook it to your laptop, or a powerbank.

When the white LED is turned on, browse Wi-Fi networks on your laptop.

Connect to Wi-Fi network "Arduino-Yun-90A2DAF30C7B" (the second part of the SSID corresponds to the MAC address of the WiFi transceiver on your Yun).

Browse http://arduino.local/

  • Default password: arduino

You may then configure the network to connect to an existing Wi-Fi access point, or alternatively use the wired Ethernet.

One the networking on your Yun is properly configured, you may login to it via SSH and get a shell.

Login via SSH to my YUN

$ ssh root@arduino.local
root@arduino.local's password:


BusyBox v1.19.4 (2014-04-10 11:08:41 CEST) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

_______                     ________        __
|       |.-----.-----.-----.|  |  |  |.----.|  |_
|   -   ||  _  |  -__|     ||  |  |  ||   _||   _|
|_______||   __|_____|__|__||________||__|  |____|
|__| W I R E L E S S   F R E E D O M
-----------------------------------------------------


root@Arduino:~#

Once you have successfully logged into your YUN, you may inspect the software configuration of the Linino Linux distribution running on the Atheros AR 9331 chipset.

cat /proc/cpuinfo

root@Arduino:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo
system type             : Atheros AR9330 rev 1
machine                 : Arduino Yun
processor               : 0
cpu model               : MIPS 24Kc V7.4
BogoMIPS                : 265.42
wait instruction        : yes
microsecond timers      : yes
tlb_entries             : 16
extra interrupt vector  : yes
hardware watchpoint     : yes, count: 4, address/irw mask: [0x0000, 0x0a00, 0x02a0, 0x0220]
ASEs implemented        : mips16
shadow register sets    : 1
kscratch registers      : 0
core                    : 0
VCED exceptions         : not available
VCEI exceptions         : not available

root@Arduino:~#

cat /proc/version

root@Arduino:~# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.3.8 (jenkins@jenkins) (gcc version 4.6.3 20120201 (prerelease) (Linaro GCC 4.6-2012.02) ) #1 Fri Apr 11 07:16:38 CEST 2014
root@Arduino:~#

df -h

root@Arduino:~# df -h
Filesystem                Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
rootfs                    7.0M    360.0K      6.6M   5% /
/dev/root                 7.5M      7.5M         0 100% /rom
tmpfs                    29.8M    148.0K     29.7M   0% /tmp
tmpfs                   512.0K         0    512.0K   0% /dev
/dev/mtdblock3            7.0M    360.0K      6.6M   5% /overlay
overlayfs:/overlay        7.0M    360.0K      6.6M   5% /
root@Arduino:~#

ls -la

root@Arduino:~# ls -la /
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root             0 Sep  8  2011 .
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root             0 Sep  8  2011 ..
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root            33 Jan  1  1970 .extroot.md5sum
drwx------    2 root     root             0 Sep  8  2011 .gnupg
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root           719 Apr 17  2014 bin
drwxr-xr-x    7 root     root          1260 Sep  8  2011 dev
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root             0 Sep  8  2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x   14 root     root           747 Feb 18  2014 lib
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root             0 Sep  8  2011 mnt
drwxr-xr-x    6 root     root             0 Sep  8  2011 overlay
dr-xr-xr-x   61 root     root             0 Jan  1  1970 proc
drwxr-xr-x   16 root     root           235 Apr 17  2014 rom
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root             3 Apr 11  2014 root
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root           735 Apr 17  2014 sbin
drwxr-xr-x   11 root     root             0 Jan  1  1970 sys
drwxrwxrwt   15 root     root           480 Jan 18 20:59 tmp
drwxr-xr-x    7 root     root            89 Apr 11  2014 usr
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root             4 Apr 17  2014 var -> /tmp
drwxr-xr-x    5 root     root            99 Feb 18  2014 www
root@Arduino:~#

cat /.extroot.md5sum

root@Arduino:~# cat /.extroot.md5sum
6e17e158dbfa1ea4da2e3f90c2819ca6
root@Arduino:~#

lsusb

root@Arduino:~# lsusb
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 058f:6254 Alcor Micro Corp. USB Hub
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 058f:6366 Alcor Micro Corp. Multi Flash Reader
root@Arduino:~#

uci show

root@Arduino:~# uci show
arduino.@arduino[0]=arduino
arduino.@arduino[0].password=775e9f944188a7bcb36e9ca5dc51672b44bcceeb7d56d89dfb914eb3a1ff2d69
arduino.@arduino[0].secure_rest_api=true
arduino.radio0=wifi-device
arduino.@wifi-iface[0]=wifi-iface
arduino.lan=interface
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0]=dnsmasq
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].domainneeded=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].boguspriv=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].filterwin2k=0
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].localise_queries=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].rebind_protection=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].rebind_localhost=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].local=/lan/
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].domain=lan
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].expandhosts=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].nonegcache=0
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].authoritative=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].readethers=1
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].leasefile=/tmp/dhcp.leases
dhcp.@dnsmasq[0].resolvfile=/tmp/resolv.conf.auto
dhcp.lan=dhcp
dhcp.lan.interface=lan
dhcp.lan.start=100
dhcp.lan.limit=150
dhcp.lan.leasetime=12h
dhcp.wan=dhcp
dhcp.wan.interface=wan
dhcp.wan.ignore=1
dropbear.@dropbear[0]=dropbear
dropbear.@dropbear[0].PasswordAuth=on
dropbear.@dropbear[0].RootPasswordAuth=on
dropbear.@dropbear[0].Port=22
firewall.@defaults[0]=defaults
firewall.@defaults[0].syn_flood=1
firewall.@defaults[0].input=ACCEPT
firewall.@defaults[0].output=ACCEPT
firewall.@defaults[0].forward=REJECT
firewall.@zone[0]=zone
firewall.@zone[0].name=lan
firewall.@zone[0].network=lan
firewall.@zone[0].input=ACCEPT
firewall.@zone[0].output=ACCEPT
firewall.@zone[0].forward=REJECT
firewall.@zone[1]=zone
firewall.@zone[1].name=wan
firewall.@zone[1].network=wan
firewall.@zone[1].input=ACCEPT
firewall.@zone[1].output=ACCEPT
firewall.@zone[1].forward=REJECT
fstab.automount=global
fstab.automount.from_fstab=1
fstab.automount.anon_mount=1
fstab.autoswap=global
fstab.autoswap.from_fstab=1
fstab.autoswap.anon_swap=0
luci.main=core
luci.main.lang=auto
luci.main.mediaurlbase=/luci-static/openwrt.org
luci.main.resourcebase=/luci-static/resources
luci.flash_keep=extern
luci.flash_keep.uci=/etc/config/
luci.flash_keep.dropbear=/etc/dropbear/
luci.flash_keep.openvpn=/etc/openvpn/
luci.flash_keep.passwd=/etc/passwd
luci.flash_keep.opkg=/etc/opkg.conf
luci.flash_keep.firewall=/etc/firewall.user
luci.flash_keep.uploads=/lib/uci/upload/
luci.languages=internal
luci.languages.en=English
luci.sauth=internal
luci.sauth.sessionpath=/tmp/luci-sessions
luci.sauth.sessiontime=3600
luci.ccache=internal
luci.ccache.enable=1
luci.themes=internal
luci.themes.Bootstrap=/luci-static/bootstrap
luci.themes.OpenWrt=/luci-static/openwrt.org
network.loopback=interface
network.loopback.ifname=lo
network.loopback.proto=static
network.loopback.ipaddr=127.0.0.1
network.loopback.netmask=255.0.0.0
network.lan=interface
network.lan.proto=static
network.lan.ipaddr=192.168.240.1
network.lan.netmask=255.255.255.0
network.wan=interface
network.wan.ifname=eth1
network.wan.proto=dhcp
network.wan.metric=10
system.@system[0]=system
system.@system[0].hostname=Arduino
system.@system[0].timezone=UTC
system.ntp=timeserver
system.ntp.server=0.openwrt.pool.ntp.org 1.openwrt.pool.ntp.org 2.openwrt.pool.ntp.org 3.openwrt.pool.ntp.org
system.ntp.enable_server=0
system.@led[0]=led
system.@led[0].default=0
ucitrack.@network[0]=network
ucitrack.@network[0].init=network
ucitrack.@network[0].affects=dhcp radvd
ucitrack.@wireless[0]=wireless
ucitrack.@wireless[0].affects=network
ucitrack.@firewall[0]=firewall
ucitrack.@firewall[0].init=firewall
ucitrack.@firewall[0].affects=luci-splash qos miniupnpd
ucitrack.@olsr[0]=olsr
ucitrack.@olsr[0].init=olsrd
ucitrack.@dhcp[0]=dhcp
ucitrack.@dhcp[0].init=dnsmasq
ucitrack.@dropbear[0]=dropbear
ucitrack.@dropbear[0].init=dropbear
ucitrack.@httpd[0]=httpd
ucitrack.@httpd[0].init=httpd
ucitrack.@fstab[0]=fstab
ucitrack.@fstab[0].init=fstab
ucitrack.@qos[0]=qos
ucitrack.@qos[0].init=qos
ucitrack.@system[0]=system
ucitrack.@system[0].init=led
ucitrack.@system[0].affects=luci_statistics
ucitrack.@luci_splash[0]=luci_splash
ucitrack.@luci_splash[0].init=luci_splash
ucitrack.@upnpd[0]=upnpd
ucitrack.@upnpd[0].init=miniupnpd
ucitrack.@ntpclient[0]=ntpclient
ucitrack.@ntpclient[0].init=ntpclient
ucitrack.@samba[0]=samba
ucitrack.@samba[0].init=samba
ucitrack.@tinyproxy[0]=tinyproxy
ucitrack.@tinyproxy[0].init=tinyproxy
ucitrack.@6relayd[0]=6relayd
ucitrack.@6relayd[0].init=6relayd
uhttpd.main=uhttpd
uhttpd.main.listen_http=0.0.0.0:80
uhttpd.main.listen_https=0.0.0.0:443
uhttpd.main.home=/www
uhttpd.main.rfc1918_filter=0
uhttpd.main.max_requests=2
uhttpd.main.cert=/etc/uhttpd.crt
uhttpd.main.key=/etc/uhttpd.key
uhttpd.main.cgi_prefix=/cgi-bin
uhttpd.main.script_timeout=60
uhttpd.main.network_timeout=30
uhttpd.main.tcp_keepalive=1
uhttpd.px5g=cert
uhttpd.px5g.days=36500
uhttpd.px5g.bits=1024
uhttpd.px5g.country=IT
uhttpd.px5g.state=Turin
uhttpd.px5g.location=Turin
uhttpd.px5g.commonname=Arduino LLC
wireless.radio0=wifi-device
wireless.radio0.type=mac80211
wireless.radio0.channel=11
wireless.radio0.hwmode=11ng
wireless.radio0.path=platform/ar933x_wmac
wireless.radio0.htmode=HT20
wireless.radio0.ht_capab=SHORT-GI-20 SHORT-GI-40 RX-STBC1 DSSS_CCK-40
wireless.radio0.disabled=0
wireless.@wifi-iface[0]=wifi-iface
wireless.@wifi-iface[0].device=radio0
wireless.@wifi-iface[0].network=lan
wireless.@wifi-iface[0].mode=ap
wireless.@wifi-iface[0].encryption=none
wireless.@wifi-iface[0].ssid=Arduino Yun-90A2DAF30C7B
root@Arduino:~#

We have a total of 167 configuration entries

root@Arduino:~# uci show | wc -l
167
root@Arduino:~#